Dhammapada verse # 73 ~ 74
（愚人）騖虛名：僧中作上座，僧院為院主，他人求供養。
For position a fool may wish:
among the bhikkhus precedence,
in monasteries authority,
from other families honours.
『僧與俗共知──此事由我作，事無論大小，皆由我作主』，愚人作此想，貪與慢增長。
Both monks and laymen, let them think
'This was done by me,
whatever the works, both great and small,
let them depend on me'.
Such the intention of a fool,
swollen his greed and conceit.
☆☆☆
【第73,74偈的故事】
希達有一次遇見摩訶那摩尊者－－最早的五比丘之一正在化緣，就邀請他到家中供養。供養後，他接著聽摩訶那摩說法，聽完之後，他就領悟了佛法。後來，他在他的芒果園裡興建了一座精舍，來供養、照顧所有前往該精舍的比丘，而殊達瑪比丘則是常住比丘。
有一天，佛陀的兩大弟子─大目犍連與舍利弗到希達興建的精舍來。希達在聽完舍利弗的說法後，即證得三果。他就邀請兩人於第二天到家中供養。他也邀請殊達瑪，卻被拒絕，殊達瑪說：「你是先邀請他們兩位，才邀請我的。」希達再度邀請時，殊達瑪仍然不肯。但是第二天一大早，殊達瑪卻出現在希達家門口，這時候，希達再次邀請他入內供養，他依然拒絕，並且說自己正在化緣，絕不坐下。可是，當他看見供養的食物時，卻嫉妒大目犍連和舍利弗，再也無法抑制心中的怒火，就辱罵希達並宣稱：「我再也不住在你的精舍了。」說完話後，氣匆匆地離開了。
殊達瑪後來向佛陀敘說整件事的經過。佛陀告誡他：「你已經打擊這位虔誠又慷慨布施的信徒了。你必須回去找希達，確實向他認錯 」殊達瑪遵照佛陀的教誨去做。但希達卻認為殊達瑪必須先了解他錯誤的地方，才願意接受他的道歉。殊達瑪只好又回精舍去，佛陀告誨他：
「修持好的比丘不能執著，不能自誇：『這是我的精舍，這是我的地盤，我的信徒等』。比丘若執著這種想法，貪愛、貢高之心就會熾盛。」
殊達瑪聽完佛陀的教誨後，再次前往希達家，這次他們倆人和好如初。幾天後，殊達瑪就證得阿羅漢果。
While residing at the Jētavana Monastery, the Buddha spoke these Verses, with reference to Venerable Sudhamma and Citta the householder.
A householder named Citta, residing in the city of Macchikàsanóa, observed the Venerable Mahànàma, one of the band of five, making his round for alms; and pleased with his deportment, took his bowl, invited him into his house, provided him with food, and at the conclusion of the meal listened to the law and obtained the fruit of conversion. Now Citta, possessed of immovable faith, desiring to make his own pleasuregarden Ambaññhaka Grove a place of residence for the Sangha, poured water into the right hand of the Venerable and made the grove move to the Sangha. The moment he uttered the words, “The Religion of the Buddha is firmly established,” the earth shook to its ocean boundary. The great treasurer caused a splendid monastery to be erected in the grove, and thereafter the door stood open to monks who came from all four quarters. At Macchikàsanóa also resided the Venerable Sudhamma.
Some time afterwards, the two Chief Disciples, hearing the rumour of Citta’s good qualities, decided to pay their respects to him and therefore went to Macchikàsanóa. Citta the householder, hearing that they were coming, proceeded forth half a league to meet them, escorted them to the monastery, invited them, performed the usual duties for visitors, and then made the following request of the Buddha, “Venerable, we desire to listen to a short discourse on the Dhamma.” The Venerable replied, “Lay disciple, we are weary with the journey; nevertheless listen for a short while.” Citta, merely by listening to the Buddha’s discourse on the Dhamma, obtained the fruit of the second path. Then he bowed to the two chief disciples and invited them to be his guests, saying, “Venerables, pray take a meal in my house tomorrow with your thousand monks.” Then he turned to the resident monk, the Venerable Sudhamma, and invited him, saying to him, “Venerable, you also come tomorrow with the Venerables.” Angry at the thought, “He invited me last,” Sudhamma refused the invitation; and although Citta repeated the invitation again and again, he still refused. The lay disciple said, “Pray be present, Venerable,” and went out. On the following day he prepared splendid offerings in his own residence. Very early in the morning the Venerable Sudhamma thought to himself, ‘What manner of food has the householder prepared for the chief disciples? I will go see.” So very early in the morning he took bowl and robe and went to his house.
“Pray sit down, Venerable,” said the householder. I will not sit down,” replied Sudhamma; ‘I am about to set out on my almsround.” The Venerable surveyed the offerings prepared for the chief disciples, and seeking to annoy the householder about the varieties of food provided, said, “Householder, your food is most excellent, but there is one thing you have omitted.” “What is that, Reverend sir?” “Sesame-cake, householder.” Thereupon the householder rebuked him, comparing him to a crow. Angered at this, the Venerable said, ‘This is your residence, householder; I will depart.” Three times the householder strove to prevail upon the Venerable to remain, but each time the latter refused. Finally he left the house, went to the Buddha, and related the words that had passed between Citta and himself. The Buddha said, “You, an inferior, have insulted a faithful, believing disciple.” Having thus put the blame solely on the monk, the Buddha sent him back to beg pardon of the disciple. The Venerable went to Citta and said, “Householder, it was all my fault; please pardon me.” But the householder refused to pardon him and said, I will not pardon you.”
Provoked at his failure to obtain pardon, he returned to the Buddha. The Buddha, although he knew that the householder would pardon Sudhamma, thought, “This Venerable is stubborn in his pride; now let him go thirty leagues and come back.” And so, without telling him how he might gain pardon, he just dismissed him. The Venerable returned with pride humbled. The Buddha then gave the Venerable a companion and said to the Venerable, “Go with this companion and ask pardon of the householder.” Said the Buddha, “A religious person ought not to give way to pride or ill-will, thinking, ‘This residence is mine, this male lay disciple is mine, this female lay disciple is mine.’ For if he so did, ill-will and pride and the other depravities increase.”
After listening to this admonition Venerable Sudhamma bowed to the Buddha, rose from his seat, circumambulated the Buddha, and then, accompanied by his companion-monk, went within sight of the lay disciple, atoned for his fault, and begged the disciple’s pardon. The lay disciple both pardoned him and in turn asked his pardon, saying, “I pardon you, Venerable; if I am to blame, pray pardon me also.” The Venerable held steadfast in the admonition given by the Buddha, and in but a few days attained arahatship together with the supernatural faculties.
The lay disciple thought to himself, “Even without seeing the Buddha I have attained the fruit of conversion; even without seeing him I have attained the Fruit of the second path. I ought to see the Buddha.” So he ordered yoked five hundred carts full of sesame, rice, ghee, sugar, garments, coverlets, and other offerings, whether of food or aught else.” He visited the Buddha, and spent one month giving alms to the Buddha and the monks. After a month, Venerable ânanda asked the Buddha, “Venerable, was it because he saw you that he received all these honours?” Said the Buddha, “ânanda, no matter what place such a man resorts to, he receives gain and honour.”
有一天，佛陀的兩大弟子─大目犍連與舍利弗到希達興建的精舍來。希達在聽完舍利弗的說法後，即證得三果。他就邀請兩人於第二天到家中供養。他也邀請殊達瑪，卻被拒絕，殊達瑪說：「你是先邀請他們兩位，才邀請我的。」希達再度邀請時，殊達瑪仍然不肯。但是第二天一大早，殊達瑪卻出現在希達家門口，這時候，希達再次邀請他入內供養，他依然拒絕，並且說自己正在化緣，絕不坐下。可是，當他看見供養的食物時，卻嫉妒大目犍連和舍利弗，再也無法抑制心中的怒火，就辱罵希達並宣稱：「我再也不住在你的精舍了。」說完話後，氣匆匆地離開了。
殊達瑪後來向佛陀敘說整件事的經過。佛陀告誡他：「你已經打擊這位虔誠又慷慨布施的信徒了。你必須回去找希達，確實向他認錯 」殊達瑪遵照佛陀的教誨去做。但希達卻認為殊達瑪必須先了解他錯誤的地方，才願意接受他的道歉。殊達瑪只好又回精舍去，佛陀告誨他：
「修持好的比丘不能執著，不能自誇：『這是我的精舍，這是我的地盤，我的信徒等』。比丘若執著這種想法，貪愛、貢高之心就會熾盛。」
殊達瑪聽完佛陀的教誨後，再次前往希達家，這次他們倆人和好如初。幾天後，殊達瑪就證得阿羅漢果。
While residing at the Jētavana Monastery, the Buddha spoke these Verses, with reference to Venerable Sudhamma and Citta the householder.
A householder named Citta, residing in the city of Macchikàsanóa, observed the Venerable Mahànàma, one of the band of five, making his round for alms; and pleased with his deportment, took his bowl, invited him into his house, provided him with food, and at the conclusion of the meal listened to the law and obtained the fruit of conversion. Now Citta, possessed of immovable faith, desiring to make his own pleasuregarden Ambaññhaka Grove a place of residence for the Sangha, poured water into the right hand of the Venerable and made the grove move to the Sangha. The moment he uttered the words, “The Religion of the Buddha is firmly established,” the earth shook to its ocean boundary. The great treasurer caused a splendid monastery to be erected in the grove, and thereafter the door stood open to monks who came from all four quarters. At Macchikàsanóa also resided the Venerable Sudhamma.
Some time afterwards, the two Chief Disciples, hearing the rumour of Citta’s good qualities, decided to pay their respects to him and therefore went to Macchikàsanóa. Citta the householder, hearing that they were coming, proceeded forth half a league to meet them, escorted them to the monastery, invited them, performed the usual duties for visitors, and then made the following request of the Buddha, “Venerable, we desire to listen to a short discourse on the Dhamma.” The Venerable replied, “Lay disciple, we are weary with the journey; nevertheless listen for a short while.” Citta, merely by listening to the Buddha’s discourse on the Dhamma, obtained the fruit of the second path. Then he bowed to the two chief disciples and invited them to be his guests, saying, “Venerables, pray take a meal in my house tomorrow with your thousand monks.” Then he turned to the resident monk, the Venerable Sudhamma, and invited him, saying to him, “Venerable, you also come tomorrow with the Venerables.” Angry at the thought, “He invited me last,” Sudhamma refused the invitation; and although Citta repeated the invitation again and again, he still refused. The lay disciple said, “Pray be present, Venerable,” and went out. On the following day he prepared splendid offerings in his own residence. Very early in the morning the Venerable Sudhamma thought to himself, ‘What manner of food has the householder prepared for the chief disciples? I will go see.” So very early in the morning he took bowl and robe and went to his house.
“Pray sit down, Venerable,” said the householder. I will not sit down,” replied Sudhamma; ‘I am about to set out on my almsround.” The Venerable surveyed the offerings prepared for the chief disciples, and seeking to annoy the householder about the varieties of food provided, said, “Householder, your food is most excellent, but there is one thing you have omitted.” “What is that, Reverend sir?” “Sesame-cake, householder.” Thereupon the householder rebuked him, comparing him to a crow. Angered at this, the Venerable said, ‘This is your residence, householder; I will depart.” Three times the householder strove to prevail upon the Venerable to remain, but each time the latter refused. Finally he left the house, went to the Buddha, and related the words that had passed between Citta and himself. The Buddha said, “You, an inferior, have insulted a faithful, believing disciple.” Having thus put the blame solely on the monk, the Buddha sent him back to beg pardon of the disciple. The Venerable went to Citta and said, “Householder, it was all my fault; please pardon me.” But the householder refused to pardon him and said, I will not pardon you.”
Provoked at his failure to obtain pardon, he returned to the Buddha. The Buddha, although he knew that the householder would pardon Sudhamma, thought, “This Venerable is stubborn in his pride; now let him go thirty leagues and come back.” And so, without telling him how he might gain pardon, he just dismissed him. The Venerable returned with pride humbled. The Buddha then gave the Venerable a companion and said to the Venerable, “Go with this companion and ask pardon of the householder.” Said the Buddha, “A religious person ought not to give way to pride or ill-will, thinking, ‘This residence is mine, this male lay disciple is mine, this female lay disciple is mine.’ For if he so did, ill-will and pride and the other depravities increase.”
After listening to this admonition Venerable Sudhamma bowed to the Buddha, rose from his seat, circumambulated the Buddha, and then, accompanied by his companion-monk, went within sight of the lay disciple, atoned for his fault, and begged the disciple’s pardon. The lay disciple both pardoned him and in turn asked his pardon, saying, “I pardon you, Venerable; if I am to blame, pray pardon me also.” The Venerable held steadfast in the admonition given by the Buddha, and in but a few days attained arahatship together with the supernatural faculties.
The lay disciple thought to himself, “Even without seeing the Buddha I have attained the fruit of conversion; even without seeing him I have attained the Fruit of the second path. I ought to see the Buddha.” So he ordered yoked five hundred carts full of sesame, rice, ghee, sugar, garments, coverlets, and other offerings, whether of food or aught else.” He visited the Buddha, and spent one month giving alms to the Buddha and the monks. After a month, Venerable ânanda asked the Buddha, “Venerable, was it because he saw you that he received all these honours?” Said the Buddha, “ânanda, no matter what place such a man resorts to, he receives gain and honour.”
☆☆☆
中文法句出處：《南傳法句經》 了參法師譯
中文故事出處：《法句經故事集》 達摩難陀長老著 周金言譯
